Moringa (“Maroom” in Thai language) is often called the “Miracle Tree of Life” because of its wealth of nutrients and health-based ingredients-more than any known plant or berry. The leaves, flowers and pods of the tree contain more vitamin C, vitamin A and potassium than some fruits and vegetables. Moringa also has a well-documented detoxifying effect and helps supplement skin’s natural restorative process-no wonder it’s often called the “Tree of Life.”
Your skin is an organ-the largest organ in your body. Skin is a semi-porous living, breathing membrane. For this reason using Moringa in Skin Care products helps in slowing down anti-aging, anti-wrinkle, while regenerative the skin. Moringa has unique skin moisturizing abilities which makes it a premier all natural skin care cream. For skin care, Moringa Oil has excellent antioxidant properties and is high in oleic acid, both of which are considered to be the factors behind its remarkable oxidative stability and therefore long shelf life. Moringa Skin Care can turn-back-the-clock on wrinkles and sun damaged skin by restoring a youthful glow of healthy skin.
Moringa has nourishing and emollient properties giving it benefits for use in hair care products. Moringa oil, as olive oil is useful in lifting dirt out of the hair and is an efficient natural cleanser. Good antioxidant properties, considered to be the factor behind its remarkable stability. Vitamin A deficiencies commonly causes thickening of the scalp, dry hair, and dandruff.
Moringa with its high vitamin A content helps in the hair growth and maintenance. Hair loss occurs when the diet is inadequate in the B vitamins – especially B6, biotin, inositol and folic acid. Vitamin E is an antioxidant that stimulates the scalp by increasing blood circulation. An increase in blood circulation makes more nutrients available to the hair follicles so they can grow stronger, healthier hair. Moringa contains these nutrients needed for the healthy hair.
You cannot go wrong with Moringa skin & hair care products. There is something for everyone out there. If you are not convinced, then do some searching on your own and test some of the products you find out there, after which you should draw your own conclusions.
The smell of Moringa Tree Conditioning Ghee, watching blueottllsa LOL
Day by day, the new and more improved versions of cleansing creams and gels are launching on market to add radiant and youthful effect to skin. In to this string new version of resurfacing face wash has added, named Elemis Tri-Enzyme. This incredible resurfacing face wash has made revolution in the cosmetic market with safe and effective resurfacing formulation. Rich with Galactoarabinan, a Polysaccharide, this facial wash elevates the non-scratchy exfoliation process. Elemis Tri-Enzyme Resurfacing Facial Wash replenishes the moisture with Brazilian Babussu Oil. Its Moringa flavor safeguards the skin from environmental damages while the Poria Cocos and White Truffle supports and soothes the natural micro flora of your skin.
With complex ingredients, Elemis Tri-Enzyme Resurfacing Facial Wash sloughs the dead skin cells away and refines and smoothes the complexion. It makes your skin brighter and youthful than ever before. This skin care range has gained Natural Health Beauty Awards for best skincare range. Daily use of this face wish will perk up skin’s natural skin renewal cycle and smooth and refine the skin tone. Simultaneously it will remove dead skin cells and add brightness to your face. It is the catalyst in resurfacing formulation, resurfacing upper layers of skin effectively. With non-abrasive exfoliation elements of babassu oil and larch tree, your moisture level will be replenished in outer layers of the skin.
Elemis Tri-Enzyme Resurfacing Facial Wash is rich with anti-oxidant ingredients of Moringa, helping to save skin tone from environmental damages. Added with Poria Cocos and white truffle to strengthen and soothe the skin. Leaving your skin radiant and smoothen, this incredible facial wash reveals a new complexion of cleansing. Start your resurfacing skincare regime with this perfect face wash! Apply this outstanding face wash every morning and evening continuously to gain effective results. Keep away from eye contact and children.
Wash face with clean water; take some amount of Elemis Tri-Enzyme Resurfacing Facial Wash. Apply it on face and neck and massage gently. Leave it for a few seconds till the traces of gel get disappeared. Then wash face with cold water and pat dry. No doubt within weeks you will find, your face getting brighter than before. This incredible face wash has proved effective in all kinds of skin tones. Search on internet to get providers offering this incredible face wash gel. What are you waiting for? Make others jealous on your face! Let it happen!!!
Khalid Muhammad speaking on being a Moor – Muslim – Asiatic
Moringa is a genus of plants of tropical and subtropical trees’order Capparales (Brassicales according to the classification APG). It is the only kind of family Moringaceae. The name Moringa is from Murungai முருங்கை) in Tamil. In Gujarati, it is called instead Saragvo.
The genus Moringa contains 13 species: Moringa Arborea Verdc. Moringa borziana Mattei Moringa concanensis Nimmo ex Dalzell & A. Gibson Moringa Drouhard Jum. Moringa Hildebrandt Engl. Moringa longituba Engl. Moringa oleifera Lam. (Syn.: Moringa pteridosperm Gaertn.) Moringa ovalifolia Dinter & A. Berger Moringa peregrina (Forssk.) Fiori Moringa pygmaea Verdc. Moringa bank Chiovenda. Moringa ruspoliana Engl. Moringa Stenopetala (Baker f.) Cufod. (Syn. Moringa streptocerca Chiovenda.) The most common species, widespread and of greater interest, is Moringa oleifera. Equally, it is also cultivated Moringa stenopetala
All thirteen species are shrubs or small trees that live in tropical and subtropical climates, often dry for long periods. Some species have developed caliciforms (ie had a body transformed with accumulation function, normally the trunk, swollen form with a bottle, to the accumulation of water or nutrients).
The Indian tradition ofayurveda indicated that the leaves of Moringa healed more than 300 diseases.
In India, Moringa is a food crop grown for its fruits, which are eaten, cooked and exported fresh or canned. In the Sahel, the leaves of Moringa oleifera are eaten as vegetables and those of Moringa stenopetala constitute the basic meal of the Konso people in Ethiopia. Nutritional analysis showed that the leaves of Moringa oleifera are rich in vitamins, minerals and protein than most vegetables. They may constitute a complete food because they contain twice as much protein and calcium than milk, as much potassium as bananas, much vitamin A as carrots, as much iron as beef or lentils and two time the more vitamin C than orange. Many programs use the leaves of Moringa oleifera cons of malnutrition and associated diseases (blindnessetc.).. Moringa Seeds contain a polyelectrolyte cationic which has shown its effectiveness in water treatment (removal of turbidity), replacing the aluminum sulphate and other flocculent. The advantage of using these seeds is twofold: substitution of imported flocculants by a local product easily accessible allows a significant saving of foreign exchange for developing countries, This flocculent, unlike alum, is completely biodegradable.
It can also extract oil from its seed food interesting, especially in Africa where many countries lack of food oils, and an interesting raw material for cosmetic industry (soap, perfume). Mixed use of moringa in the production of oil and flocculent, is possible because the cake from extraction of oil retains its ability flocculent. Its roots are used to produce a food condiment. Other potential applications of Moringa, as its use in animal feed as growth hormone plant as fertilizer green, crop protection or as pulp is the subject of much researc
The wetland is located close to the Rupnagar city, 45 km northwest of Chandigarh City, in Roopnagar and Nawanshahr districts of Punjab. Chandigarh is the nearest airport, which connects to the rest of India.
History
Further information: Rupnagar and Ropar
An archaeological museum of the Archaeological Survey of India at Ropar has displays of the antiquities unearthed during the excavations of mound in the area along with photographs displaying excavation material. The Museum depicts a sequence of six cultural periods or phases, with some breaks from Harappan times to the present day, found in the 21 metre high ancient mound known as Nalagarh Tibbi overlaying the Shiwalik (also spelt Sivalik) deposition on the left bank of the Satluj River where it emerges into the plains. A deep well with a stone inscription of Emperor Shah Jahan (A.D. 1627-1658) has been located at the foot of the mound. The excavations have established that advanced civilization similar to the Harappa and Mohenjodaro Civilization prospered in Ropar town, an integral part of the wetland.
The wetland area has also a modern history in respect of Anglo – Sikh relations. On 26 October 1831, sitting under the shade of an old ficus tree on the bank of Sutlej River, Maharaja Ranjit Singh and Lord William Bentinck, the British Governor General signed an agreement defining the Anglo – Sikh relations and territories.
Topography
The total area covered by the Wetland is 1365 ha, which includes 800 ha area of the river and the reservoir, 30 ha of forest area named as Sadavarat Forest and 30 ha under marshy plants. The wetland is surrounded by hills in the North West and by plain area in the South and South East. Agricultural crops such as wheat, rice, sugarcane, sorgum etc., are grown in the farm lands in the area surrounding the wetland but the hills have thin vegetation and are exposed to intensive grazing.
Hydrology
Climatically, the drainage area of the wetland falls under semi-arid zone of Punjab with mean annual rainfall of 1518 mm. Initially, in the year 1882, a small headwork was constructed on the right bank of Sutlej River, near Ropar town, to supply water to Sirhind Canal. Subsequently in 1952 a head regulator was constructed to divert water not only to the Bist Doab Canal but also to Sirhind Canal and to the Bhakra Main Canal (upstream of the wetland), for irrigation, industrial and domestic use.
Water quality
Water Quality that determines the health of ecosystem of the wetland was monitored by the Punjab Pollution Control Board (PPCB) in the year 1998-99. The water quality was reported to be of ‘A’ category as the river entered into Punjab and deteriorated to ‘D’ category downstream of Ropar Lake, mainly due to the industrial effluents from a number of factories and industrial units. Further studies on physico-chemical analysis of important parameters, biological estimations as well as pesticide residue analysis have been initiated.
Flora and fauna
The wetland is rich in flora and fauna which are categorized below.
Flora
A total of 19 species of trees and 14 species of bushes and grasses are recorded. Of these, the tree species are 1) Acacia catechu, 2) Ameles modesta, 3)Acacia nilotica, 4) Albizzia lebbek 5) Azadirachta indica, 6)Bombax ceiba, 7) Cassia fistula, Dalbergia sissoo 9) Eucalyptus tereticornis, 10) Ficus benghalensis, 11)Ficus religiosa, 12) Mangifera indica, 13)Melia azedarach, 14) Moringa oleifera, 15) Morus indica, 16) Prosopis juliflora, 17) Salix willow, 18)Syzygium cumini (Jambul) and 19) Zizyphus jujuba.
Aqua fauna
Wetland is a major source of fisheries since large species of fishes have been recorded; some of the commercially important ones are:
Several species of birds have been recorded which include 49 species of local birds, 11 species of migratory birds, 3 species of rare birds and 54 species of common birds. Some of the rare birds among the migratory birds noted are:
Dinopium benghalense; Golden-backed Woodpecker; Megalaima haemacephala; Crimson-breasted barbet; and M. zeylanica Green barbet
Fauna
Two species of tortoise viz., Geoclemys hamiltonii and Chitra indica (endangered species), five species of lizards, 11 species of snakes including the threatened specie of Python molurus or Indian python or ajgar are found in the wetland.
Food chain
The food chain in the wetland is basically well balanced as it has both deep water and shallow water characteristics and the ecosystem is stated to be
almost self sufficient and self-regulating.
A Scientific study of the food chain has brought out the following sequence of facts.
Sunlight, pH, inorganic salts, nutrients and dissolved gases are the main abiotic components of the wetland ecosystems with the organic matter caused by the death and decay of animals and plants accumulating at the bottom of the lake
Decomposition at the bottom of the lake takes place due to a variety of heterotrophic microbes such as bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi; Aspergillus sp., Rhizopus sp., Curvularia sp., Paecilomyces sp., Saprolegnia sp. etc. are main species causing the decomposition
The producers of organic matter are the eutrophic green plants and some photosynthetic bacteria; the rooted submerged, floating and emergent hydrophytes being the Typha sp., Eleocharis sp., Sagittaria sp., Nymphaea sp., Potamogeton sp., Vallisneria sp., Eichhornia sp., Lemna sp. etc. and minute, floating or suspended lower plants like filamentous algae, diatoms, chlorococcales and flagellates.
Herbivores such as the mollusks, crustaceans, rotifers and some insects are the primary consumers which feed directly on plants.
Plant remains and organic matter nourish Detrivores like the Chironomidae sp., mollusks, mites, some crustaceans and small fishes
Marginal rooted macrophytes are consumed by mammals such as buffaloes, cows etc which frequent the shores of the lake
Hydrophytes are also the food source of some birds
Carnivores like the Predator beetles and bugs, dragonflies are the secondary consumers which feed on insects, mollusks, rotifers and crustaceans. Carnivorous fishes also belong to this category
Large carnivorous fishes and birds are the tertiary consumers which feed on small fishes and insects.
Top most consumer level is that of the human being and the fish eating birds, which feed mainly on fishes
Adverse impacts on the wetland
Over the years several adverse impacts on the quality of the wetland have been reported. Some of the important ones which invited remedial actions are:
Acute problems of siltation from the adjoining barren and fragile hills. Bare hills of the catchment are subject to continuous erosion leading to shrinkage of wetland area.
Unwarranted interference with the resident and migratory birds
Unauthorized fishing and poaching of wildlife causing damage to species
Increase in effluents from industrializatation in the upstream area of the wetland, such as the Fertilizer plant at Nangal and Thermal Power Plant at Ropar
Effluents of chemical pollutants like agrochemical residues run off, industrial effluents and sewage from some towns in the upper reaches of the wetland
Growth of Invasive weeds
Restoration measures
The Punjab State Council for Science & Technology has evolved several conservation programmes with support from the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoE&F) of the Govt of India. Some of the programmes implemented include mass awareness campaigns and promotion of public participation in the wetland conservation. A few of the measures planned and under various stages of implementation are:
Afforestation and soil conservation in the highly erosion prone catchment areas of the wetland,
To erect chain-link fencing of strategic areas of the wetland to prevent exploitation of vital wetland resources and prevent encroachments of the wetland
detailed survey, including remote sensing survey and preparation of comprehensive maps
Detailed taxonomic studies of plant and animal species
Introduce fish species sustain fragile relationship between the Fish level and the other biotic resources like birds and primary producers and to set up new fish seed farms in addition to refurbish the existing ponds.
Economic assessment
Gallery
Indian python (Python molurus molurus, Near threatened species)
Ficus tree or fig tree
Golden Shower Tree (Cassia fistula)
Bombax ceiba (Cotton tree)
Wallago attu, a species of catfish
Coppersmith Barbet (Megalaima haemacephala)
Geoclemys hamiltonii (Spotted Pond turtle)
See also
Wetland
Kanjli Wetland
Harike Wetland
References
^ a b c d e f g “Inventory of Wetlands.” Ropar Reservoir, pp. 380-403. Retrieved on 12 November 2008.
^ a b “Ropar Lake.” World Wide Fund for Nature. 24 May 2006. Retrieved on 12 November 2008.
^ a b c d e f g h “Information Sheet on Ramsar Wetlands (RIS).” 12 April 2001. Retrieved on 12 November 2008.
^ “The List of Wetlands of International Importance” (DOC). The Secretariat of the Convention on Wetlands. 31 October 2008. Retrieved on 12 November 2008.
^ a b “Places of Interest, Rupnagar.” Gazetter Rupnagar, Chapter 19. Punjab Department of Revenue. 1987. Retrieved on 12 November 2008.
Categories: Wetlands of India | Ramsar sites in India | Geography of Punjab (India) | Lakes of Punjab (India)
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Dalbergia sissoo 9) Eucalyptus tereticornis, 10) Ficus benghalensis, 11)Ficus religiosa, 12) Mangifera indica, 13)Melia azedarach, 14) Moringa oleifera, 15) Morus indica, 16) Prosopis juliflora, 17) Salix willow, 18)Syzygium cumini (Jambul) and 19) Zizyphus jujuba. 
